css中grid属性的用法介绍（代码）

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grid布局

加在父元素上的属性

grid-template-columns/grid-template-rows

定义元素的行或列的宽高

如果父元素被等分成了9等分，则，不管有多少个子元素，都显示9等分

grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%;可以写成grid-template-columns:repeat(3, 33%);

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}
.container1 {
 grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%;
 grid-template-rows: 33% 33% 33%;
}

<div class="container container1">
 <div class="item item-1"></div>
 <div class="item item-2"></div>
</div>

grid-template-areas

父元素的grid-template-areas配合子元素的grid-area定义网格区域

一个句点表示一个空的网格单元

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}
.container2 {
 grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
 grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
 grid-template-areas: "header header . footer"
 "main main . sidebar"
 "main main . sidebar";
}

.container2 .item-1 {
 grid-area: header;
}

.container2 .item-2 {
 grid-area: main;
}

.container2 .item-3 {
 grid-area: sidebar;
}

.container2 .item-4 {
 grid-area: footer;
}

<div class="container container2">
 <div class="item item-1">header</div>
 <div class="item item-2">main</div>
 <div class="item item-3">sidebar</div>
 <div class="item item-4">footer</div>
</div>

grid-column-gap/grid-row-gap/grip-gap

指网格线的大小，也可以说是网格子项之间的间距

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}
.container3 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 30%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 30%);
 grid-column-gap: 2%;
 grid-row-gap: 2%;
}

<div class="container container3">
 <div class="item item-1"></div>
 <div class="item item-2"></div>
 <div class="item item-3"></div>
 <div class="item item-4"></div>
 <div class="item item-5"></div>
 <div class="item item-6"></div>
 <div class="item item-7"></div>
 <div class="item item-8"></div>
 <div class="item item-9"></div>
</div>

justify-items/align-items

justify-items让子元素的内容和纵向列轴对齐

align-items让子元素的内容和横向行轴对齐

两个属性都有四个值

我的例子中，为了方便对比，嵌套了grid网格

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}

.container4 {
 width: 400px;
 height: 200px;
 grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}
.container4 .item {
 display: grid;
}
.container4 .item p {
 background-color: coral;
 border: 1px dashed #aaa
}
.container4 .item-1 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 justify-items: start;
}
.container4 .item-2 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 justify-items: end;
}
.container4 .item-3 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 justify-items: center;
}
.container4 .item-4 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 justify-items: stretch;
}
.container4 .item-5 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 align-items: start;
}
.container4 .item-6 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 align-items: end;
}
.container4 .item-7 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 align-items: center;
}
.container4 .item-8 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
 align-items: stretch;
}

<div class="container container4">
 <div class="item item-1">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-2">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-3">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-4">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-5">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-6">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-7">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-8">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>

justify-content/align-content

设置子元素的对齐方式，justify表示纵向，align表示横向

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}

.container5 {
 width: 700px;
 height: 200px;
 grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 14%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}

.container5 .item {
 display: grid;
}

.container5 .item p {
 background-color: coral;
 border: 1px dashed #aaa
}

.container5 .item-1 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 justify-content: start;
}

.container5 .item-2 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 justify-content: end;
}

.container5 .item-3 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 justify-content: center;
}

.container5 .item-4 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 justify-content: stretch;
}

.container5 .item-5 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 justify-content: space-around;
}

.container5 .item-6 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 justify-content: space-between;
}

.container5 .item-7 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 justify-content: space-evenly;
}

.container5 .item-8 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 align-content: start;
}

.container5 .item-9 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 align-content: end;
}

.container5 .item-10 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 align-content: center;
}

.container5 .item-11 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 align-content: stretch;
}

.container5 .item-12 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 align-content: space-around;
}

.container5 .item-13 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 align-content: space-between;
}

.container5 .item-14 {
 grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
 align-content: space-evenly;
}

<div class="container container5">
 <div class="item item-1">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-2">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-3">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-4">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-5">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-6">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-7">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-8">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-9">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-10">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-11">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-12">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-13">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
 <div class="item item-14">
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 <div>list</div>
 </div>
</div>

grid-auto-columns/grid-auto-rows

grid-column后面的值如果是1 / 2形式，表示的是从第1列网格线开始到第2列网格线结束，如果这个属性定义的网格超出了父元素的范围，则会自动生成隐式网格

grid-auto-columns和grid-auto-rows两个属性来指定这些隐式网格轨迹的宽度

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}

.container6 {
 width: 120px;
 height: 180px;
 grid-template-columns: 60px 60px;
 grid-template-rows: 90px 90px;
 grid-auto-columns: 60px;
}
.container6 .item-1 {
 grid-column: 1 / 2;
 grid-row: 2 / 3;
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
.container6 .item-2 {
 grid-column: 5 / 6;
 grid-row: 2 / 3;
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
}

<div class="container container6">
 <div class="item-1">1/2&2/3</div>
 <div class="item-2">5/6&2/3</div>
</div>

grid-auto-flow

没有网格元素的时候，自动排列

row表示从左到右排列，column表示从上到下排列

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}

.container7 {
 display: grid;
 width: 200px;
 height: 40px;
 grid-template-columns: 40px 40px 40px 40px 40px;
 grid-template-rows: 40px 40px;
 /* grid-auto-flow: row; */
 grid-auto-flow: column;
}
.container7 .item-1 {
 grid-column: 1;
 grid-row: 1 / 3;
}

.container7 .item-5 {
 grid-column: 5;
 grid-row: 1 / 3;
}

<div class="container container7">
 <div class="item item-1">1</div>
 <div class="item item-2">2</div>
 <div class="item item-3">3</div>
 <div class="item item-4">4</div>
 <div class="item item-5">5</div>
</div>

加在子元素上的属性

grid-column-start/grid-column-end/grid-row-start/grid-row-end/grid-column/grid-row

定义网格开始或者结束的位置

值为数字，表示从这条线开始。值为span加数字，表示覆盖了这条线的位置

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}

.container8 {
 margin-top: 20px;
 grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 20%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(5, 20%);
}
.container8 .item-1 {
 grid-column-start: 2;
 grid-column-end: 4;
 grid-row-start: 1;
 grid-row-end: 2;
}
.container8 .item-2 {
 grid-column-start: 4;
 grid-column-end: span 5;
 grid-row-start: 2;
 grid-row-end: span 5;
}
.container8 .item-3 {
 grid-column: 1 / span 2;
 grid-row: 2 / span 4;
}

<div class="container container8">
 <div class="item item-1">item-1</div>
 <div class="item item-2">item-2</div>
 <div class="item item-3">item-3</div>
</div>

justify-self/align-self

网格子项内容与格线对齐

.container {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 display: grid;
 background-color: coral;
 margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 background-color: chocolate;
}
.container9 {
 width: 400px;
 height: 200px;
 grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%);
 grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}
.container9 .item-1 {
 justify-self: start;
}
.container9 .item-2 {
 justify-self: end;
}
.container9 .item-3 {
 justify-self: center;
}
.container9 .item-4 {
 justify-self: stretch;
}
.container9 .item-5 {
 align-self: start;
}
.container9 .item-6 {
 align-self: end;
}
.container9 .item-7 {
 align-self: center;
}
.container9 .item-8 {
 align-self: stretch;
}

<div class="container container9">
 <div class="item item-1">item-1</div>
 <div class="item item-2">item-2</div>
 <div class="item item-3">item-3</div>
 <div class="item item-4">item-4</div>
 <div class="item item-5">item-5</div>
 <div class="item item-6">item-6</div>
 <div class="item item-7">item-7</div>
 <div class="item item-8">item-8</div>
</div>

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css中grid属性的用法介绍（代码）